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	<title>Comments on: Cutting Edge Military Theory: A Primer (Part III.) &#8211; UPDATED</title>
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	<description>Some Chicago Boyz know each other from student days at the University of Chicago. Others are Chicago boys in spirit. The blog name is also intended as a good-humored gesture of admiration for distinguished Chicago boys including those pictured above.</description>
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		<title>By: Chicago Boyz &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Book Review: The Changing Face of War</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-79754</link>
		<dc:creator>Chicago Boyz &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Book Review: The Changing Face of War</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 24 Jun 2007 06:36:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-79754</guid>
		<description>[...] Cutting Edge Military Theory: A Primer (Part III.) - UPDATED William Lind review at DNI Fabius Maximus review at DNI        [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Cutting Edge Military Theory: A Primer (Part III.) &#8211; UPDATED William Lind review at DNI Fabius Maximus review at DNI        [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Arherring</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-62338</link>
		<dc:creator>Arherring</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 May 2007 22:18:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-62338</guid>
		<description>A couple of comments on XGW and 5GW

A) Technology is a tool and has nothing to do with the generational level of an organization. That is determined by the doctrine applied to the technology.

B) Fabius Maximus, to defeat a 4GW opponent, ideally would require a 5GW organization. Each generation of warfare is by definition designed to defeat the generation before.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A couple of comments on XGW and 5GW</p>
<p>A) Technology is a tool and has nothing to do with the generational level of an organization. That is determined by the doctrine applied to the technology.</p>
<p>B) Fabius Maximus, to defeat a 4GW opponent, ideally would require a 5GW organization. Each generation of warfare is by definition designed to defeat the generation before.</p>
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		<title>By: Fabius Maximus</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-58630</link>
		<dc:creator>Fabius Maximus</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 30 Apr 2007 04:26:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-58630</guid>
		<description>This is a great introduction to 4GW, but unfortunately Zenpundit leaves out the bad news.  4GW theory, in its present form, is a diagnostic -- not a cure.  That’s nice, since correct diagnosis must precede a cure.  

4GW theory tells us what the US Army is slowly, very slowly, learning in Iraq and Afghanistan about the nature and methods of those we fight.  Of course, this is nothing that could not have been learned in 1991 by spending a few bucks and buying Martin van Creveld’s book Transformation of War.  

Perhaps the blood of the 4,000+ dead Coalition and NATO troops will accelerate the leaning process at our Dept of Defense.

Now we need someone to take it to the next step and tell us how to win against a 4GW opponent.  Hopefully before we’re fighting them in Mexico.  Or LA.

Fame and glory awaits that smart guy or gal.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This is a great introduction to 4GW, but unfortunately Zenpundit leaves out the bad news.  4GW theory, in its present form, is a diagnostic &#8212; not a cure.  That’s nice, since correct diagnosis must precede a cure.  </p>
<p>4GW theory tells us what the US Army is slowly, very slowly, learning in Iraq and Afghanistan about the nature and methods of those we fight.  Of course, this is nothing that could not have been learned in 1991 by spending a few bucks and buying Martin van Creveld’s book Transformation of War.  </p>
<p>Perhaps the blood of the 4,000+ dead Coalition and NATO troops will accelerate the leaning process at our Dept of Defense.</p>
<p>Now we need someone to take it to the next step and tell us how to win against a 4GW opponent.  Hopefully before we’re fighting them in Mexico.  Or LA.</p>
<p>Fame and glory awaits that smart guy or gal.</p>
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		<title>By: subadei</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-57531</link>
		<dc:creator>subadei</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Apr 2007 19:58:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-57531</guid>
		<description>@Elliot
&lt;/i&gt;&quot;I’m not talking about destroying the enemy’s communications, but taking control of their networks and sowing total confusion. Ideally, the enemy wouldn’t even know. Is this 5GW?&quot;&lt;/i&gt;

It&#039;s still a very overt action and sounds more like systems disruption (global guerrilla/4GW.)

If one could gradually infiltrate a nations media and &quot;infect&quot; it with very subtle elements or &quot;packages&quot; of misinformation (or even slanted information) I think you&#039;d be looking at 5GW.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Elliot<br />
&#8220;I’m not talking about destroying the enemy’s communications, but taking control of their networks and sowing total confusion. Ideally, the enemy wouldn’t even know. Is this 5GW?&#8221;</p>
<p>It&#8217;s still a very overt action and sounds more like systems disruption (global guerrilla/4GW.)</p>
<p>If one could gradually infiltrate a nations media and &#8220;infect&#8221; it with very subtle elements or &#8220;packages&#8221; of misinformation (or even slanted information) I think you&#8217;d be looking at 5GW.</p>
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		<title>By: AFlynn</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-57492</link>
		<dc:creator>AFlynn</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Apr 2007 18:09:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-57492</guid>
		<description>@Ian
Machiavelli, while an exceedingly poor theorist of technology&#039;s effect on warfare, (see his sections on gunpowder warfare in the Discourses on Livy) had some excellent observations on &quot;Cruelty well-used and cruelty poorly-used,&quot; basically in the sense that, when a prince occupies a new territory, harsh justice and various cruelties should be at their highest at the beginning and gradually recede, rather than the other way around.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Ian<br />
Machiavelli, while an exceedingly poor theorist of technology&#8217;s effect on warfare, (see his sections on gunpowder warfare in the Discourses on Livy) had some excellent observations on &#8220;Cruelty well-used and cruelty poorly-used,&#8221; basically in the sense that, when a prince occupies a new territory, harsh justice and various cruelties should be at their highest at the beginning and gradually recede, rather than the other way around.</p>
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		<title>By: Elliot</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-55541</link>
		<dc:creator>Elliot</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Apr 2007 21:14:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-55541</guid>
		<description>It appears all the players today put great reliance on communications. Has anyone made any substantial progress in taking over the enemy&#039;s communications network? Given the reliance on high tech communications, this would necessitate an extremely high tech capabilty. I&#039;m not talking about destroying the enemy&#039;s communications, but taking control of their networks and sowing total confusion. Ideally, the enemy wouldn&#039;t even know. Is this 5GW?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It appears all the players today put great reliance on communications. Has anyone made any substantial progress in taking over the enemy&#8217;s communications network? Given the reliance on high tech communications, this would necessitate an extremely high tech capabilty. I&#8217;m not talking about destroying the enemy&#8217;s communications, but taking control of their networks and sowing total confusion. Ideally, the enemy wouldn&#8217;t even know. Is this 5GW?</p>
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		<title>By: sol vason</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-54873</link>
		<dc:creator>sol vason</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Apr 2007 05:26:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-54873</guid>
		<description>1GW, 2GW, 3GW are terms invented to describe changes in recent centuries for conquering turf.  1GW is war fought with poorly trained and poorly equiped men.  For example in 1917 the Russians fought the Germans with an army of serfs who marched against the enemy in columns ten deep.  Only the front rank had weapons.  When the first rank died the next rank picked up the weapons and continued the battle until the enemy was beaten.  One can hold down costs by paying troops after the battle.  It is alleged that Iran used this warfighting style against Sadam.

2GW is 1GW with forts.  The losers to the Qin used 1GW and 2GW.  The Qin used 3GW, so did the Parthians  300bc-300ad; so did Caesar in the Gallic wars and the Civil war; so did the Crusaders (see the first battle of Ramleh where Baldwin and 261 Knights destroyed an Arab army of 10,000).   The Vikings conquered by lightning swift attacks. Except for Sicily and perhaps the Danelaw, they were not much good at holding territory already conquered.  Holding territory after a 3GW conquest is what 4GW is all about.  4GW wars start when 3GWs end and usually last at least a century and some, like the British invasion of Ireland in the 900s, have lasted over a thousand years.

One doesn&#039;t ever know if a 4GW war has been won.  But you know you have lost if you are forced to leave.  4GW is a PR war; hearts and minds stuff;  it is old hatreds, fanatics, and mysticism - any excuse for killing.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>1GW, 2GW, 3GW are terms invented to describe changes in recent centuries for conquering turf.  1GW is war fought with poorly trained and poorly equiped men.  For example in 1917 the Russians fought the Germans with an army of serfs who marched against the enemy in columns ten deep.  Only the front rank had weapons.  When the first rank died the next rank picked up the weapons and continued the battle until the enemy was beaten.  One can hold down costs by paying troops after the battle.  It is alleged that Iran used this warfighting style against Sadam.</p>
<p>2GW is 1GW with forts.  The losers to the Qin used 1GW and 2GW.  The Qin used 3GW, so did the Parthians  300bc-300ad; so did Caesar in the Gallic wars and the Civil war; so did the Crusaders (see the first battle of Ramleh where Baldwin and 261 Knights destroyed an Arab army of 10,000).   The Vikings conquered by lightning swift attacks. Except for Sicily and perhaps the Danelaw, they were not much good at holding territory already conquered.  Holding territory after a 3GW conquest is what 4GW is all about.  4GW wars start when 3GWs end and usually last at least a century and some, like the British invasion of Ireland in the 900s, have lasted over a thousand years.</p>
<p>One doesn&#8217;t ever know if a 4GW war has been won.  But you know you have lost if you are forced to leave.  4GW is a PR war; hearts and minds stuff;  it is old hatreds, fanatics, and mysticism &#8211; any excuse for killing.</p>
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		<title>By: James A Pacella</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-54034</link>
		<dc:creator>James A Pacella</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Apr 2007 01:36:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-54034</guid>
		<description>If you honestly believe Iran is training them for altruistic purposes well what can I say?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If you honestly believe Iran is training them for altruistic purposes well what can I say?</p>
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		<title>By: subadei</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-54031</link>
		<dc:creator>subadei</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Apr 2007 01:33:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-54031</guid>
		<description>I&#039;m not sure which groups you&#039;re referring to but you indicated a &quot;take over&quot; not involvement. There&#039;s a difference.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m not sure which groups you&#8217;re referring to but you indicated a &#8220;take over&#8221; not involvement. There&#8217;s a difference.</p>
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		<title>By: James A Pacella</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-54018</link>
		<dc:creator>James A Pacella</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Apr 2007 00:57:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-54018</guid>
		<description>So all these groups training in Iran are somehow not up for Iran involvement in thier land? SUre.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>So all these groups training in Iran are somehow not up for Iran involvement in thier land? SUre.</p>
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		<title>By: subadei</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-54006</link>
		<dc:creator>subadei</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Apr 2007 00:18:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-54006</guid>
		<description>Heh.

Having survived the tyranny of the Baathist Sunni minority for decades and yet again outlasted (assuming it comes to that) the most powerful military on the planet I have my doubts that the Arab Iraqi Shiites are just going to lay down for Persian domination. Any overlording on behalf of the Iranian regime might well result in the same situation they face in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://hrw.org/english/docs/2006/11/11/iran14560.htm&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Khuzistan&lt;/a&gt; province. Ethnic resistance. I don&#039;t believe it&#039;s so cut and dry.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Heh.</p>
<p>Having survived the tyranny of the Baathist Sunni minority for decades and yet again outlasted (assuming it comes to that) the most powerful military on the planet I have my doubts that the Arab Iraqi Shiites are just going to lay down for Persian domination. Any overlording on behalf of the Iranian regime might well result in the same situation they face in the <a href="http://hrw.org/english/docs/2006/11/11/iran14560.htm" rel="nofollow">Khuzistan</a> province. Ethnic resistance. I don&#8217;t believe it&#8217;s so cut and dry.</p>
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		<title>By: James A Pacella</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-53993</link>
		<dc:creator>James A Pacella</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Apr 2007 23:44:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-53993</guid>
		<description>Do we allow Iran to take over?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Do we allow Iran to take over?</p>
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		<title>By: subadei</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-53956</link>
		<dc:creator>subadei</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Apr 2007 22:24:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-53956</guid>
		<description>Initially (and this is my opinion) I think we allow the &quot;surge&quot; to continue. While I&#039;m not holding my breath until it succeeds it&#039;s at least a shift from the hit, hold, move strategy US forces had been using. If the surge proves a failure I think we redeploy a portion of our forces north to what will likely be an independent Kurdistan. I think our COIN initiative should continue specifically against al Qaeda in Iraq and, this sounds pretty rough but, we allow Shia dominance over southern Iraq.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Initially (and this is my opinion) I think we allow the &#8220;surge&#8221; to continue. While I&#8217;m not holding my breath until it succeeds it&#8217;s at least a shift from the hit, hold, move strategy US forces had been using. If the surge proves a failure I think we redeploy a portion of our forces north to what will likely be an independent Kurdistan. I think our COIN initiative should continue specifically against al Qaeda in Iraq and, this sounds pretty rough but, we allow Shia dominance over southern Iraq.</p>
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		<title>By: Ian</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-53929</link>
		<dc:creator>Ian</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Apr 2007 20:57:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-53929</guid>
		<description>James  A. Pacella:
Technically, it&#039;s a figure of speech known as &quot;litotes&quot;.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>James  A. Pacella:<br />
Technically, it&#8217;s a figure of speech known as &#8220;litotes&#8221;.</p>
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		<title>By: James A Pacella</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-53897</link>
		<dc:creator>James A Pacella</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Apr 2007 19:39:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-53897</guid>
		<description>&gt; I don’t have the impression that the entire region is exactly with us at the moment

You just realizing this? :)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&gt; I don’t have the impression that the entire region is exactly with us at the moment</p>
<p>You just realizing this? :)</p>
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		<title>By: Ian</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-53868</link>
		<dc:creator>Ian</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Apr 2007 18:34:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-53868</guid>
		<description>Subadei:
Thanks for your considered reply. You may well be correct, but I don&#039;t have the impression that the entire region is exactly with us at the moment.
To me, the implication of your view is that we should therefore walk away from the current conflict, as this 4GW kind of warfare is one that we have virtually no hope of winning. Or do you believe that we should just continue to persevere as we are now? And for how long?
I really don&#039;t know what is for the best, but what we are doing does not seem to be producing a good outcome for anyone.
Regards,</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Subadei:<br />
Thanks for your considered reply. You may well be correct, but I don&#8217;t have the impression that the entire region is exactly with us at the moment.<br />
To me, the implication of your view is that we should therefore walk away from the current conflict, as this 4GW kind of warfare is one that we have virtually no hope of winning. Or do you believe that we should just continue to persevere as we are now? And for how long?<br />
I really don&#8217;t know what is for the best, but what we are doing does not seem to be producing a good outcome for anyone.<br />
Regards,</p>
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		<title>By: subadei</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-53780</link>
		<dc:creator>subadei</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Apr 2007 13:09:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-53780</guid>
		<description>Ian,

I think you&#039;d find a Roman or Hama like approach would ignite the entire region. We are not an Arab nationalist tyrant (al Assad, Hussein) but a &quot;western invader.&quot; I think the reaction would make our problems worse than they are now.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ian,</p>
<p>I think you&#8217;d find a Roman or Hama like approach would ignite the entire region. We are not an Arab nationalist tyrant (al Assad, Hussein) but a &#8220;western invader.&#8221; I think the reaction would make our problems worse than they are now.</p>
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		<title>By: Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-53638</link>
		<dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Apr 2007 03:49:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-53638</guid>
		<description>The Hopkins numbers are, methodologically speaking, based on air.

http://www.chicagoboyz.net/archives/002543.html</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Hopkins numbers are, methodologically speaking, based on air.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.chicagoboyz.net/archives/002543.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.chicagoboyz.net/archives/002543.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: Ian</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-53608</link>
		<dc:creator>Ian</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Apr 2007 01:25:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-53608</guid>
		<description>James A. Pacella:
Thanks for your advice.
You claim that the Johns Hopkins study, as reported in the Lancet, is &quot;fraudulent&quot;. That&#039;s a strong charge to make against a prestigious organisation that is partly funded by the US government. I accept that the exact numbers are extremely hard to define (the study quotes ~300k to ~900k at 95% confidence) but the methodology has been accepted by the US government for similar studies in Kosovo and Darfur.

However, the real issue I raised was about minimising casualties when we are in conflict with an enemy who uses 4GW tactics. My conjecture is that a short, brutal suppression may result in fewer losses all round than a policing form of insurgency control extending over many years.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>James A. Pacella:<br />
Thanks for your advice.<br />
You claim that the Johns Hopkins study, as reported in the Lancet, is &#8220;fraudulent&#8221;. That&#8217;s a strong charge to make against a prestigious organisation that is partly funded by the US government. I accept that the exact numbers are extremely hard to define (the study quotes ~300k to ~900k at 95% confidence) but the methodology has been accepted by the US government for similar studies in Kosovo and Darfur.</p>
<p>However, the real issue I raised was about minimising casualties when we are in conflict with an enemy who uses 4GW tactics. My conjecture is that a short, brutal suppression may result in fewer losses all round than a policing form of insurgency control extending over many years.</p>
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		<title>By: Curtis Gale Weeks</title>
		<link>http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/4916.html/comment-page-1#comment-53335</link>
		<dc:creator>Curtis Gale Weeks</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Apr 2007 07:38:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/004916.html#comment-53335</guid>
		<description>&quot;Fourth Generation Warfare is not warfare?&quot; eh?

Sol,

I think your lists are worth studying, but I do not understand why they must be called &quot;4GW.&quot;  What would be 1GW, 3GW, or even 0GW be in such a formulation?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Fourth Generation Warfare is not warfare?&#8221; eh?</p>
<p>Sol,</p>
<p>I think your lists are worth studying, but I do not understand why they must be called &#8220;4GW.&#8221;  What would be 1GW, 3GW, or even 0GW be in such a formulation?</p>
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